[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
.seemed largely unconcerned with Lindbergh.the issue, it allowed the committee to Despite his efforts to keep theform and begin hearings.The com- United States out of World War IImittee found that American weapons (1939 1945), Nye voted along withmanufacturers routinely bribed for- the rest of the Senate in declaring wareign officials to increase sales.The on Japan, following the bombing ofcommittee further concluded that Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.In 1944, Nyesome American companies were war lost reelection to the Senate.He choseprofiteers and merchants of death to stay in the Washington area, set-and recommended to President Roos- ting up a recordkeeping business.Onevelt that heavy taxes be imposed to July 17, 1971, Nye died from an aller-limit the profits of war.To Nye s great gic reaction to a drug he had beensurprise, the president agreed.wrongly prescribed.Despite Nye sNye also pushed for a neutrality support of isolationism, he was un-bill in Congress.He wanted to outlaw able to prevent the United States fromthe selling of arms to any country at entering World War II.war.Americans were generally inMfavor of neutrality at the time.People See also: America First Committee;Ndid not want to get involved in yet an- Japan; Lindbergh, Charles A.; Pearlother European disaster.As part of Harbor; World War I; World War II.P Ranarchists, Socialists, and immi-Palmer Raidsgrants into custody, in many casesA series of arrests carried out at the without arrest warrants, and chargedheight of the Red Scare, a fear of a them with conspiring to overthrowCommunist takeover of the U.S.gov- the government and other crimes.ernment.The fear of Communism The public s support of the Palmerand other alien political doctrines raids drew on the widespread isola-strengthened during World War I tionist sentiment in the aftermath of(1914 1918) grew in the postwar World War I.By the early 1920s, how-years and continued through the early ever, opposition from members of1920s.Under the direction of the De- Congress, criticism in the press, andpartment of Justice and Attorney Gen- public ridicule of Palmer himselferal A.Mitchell Palmer, local police eventually brought the Palmer raidsand federal agents took thousands of and the Red Scare to an end. 62 Palmer Raids*'GROWING FEARS SILENCING OPPOSITIONThe fear of anarchy intensified dur- The Bureau of Investigation, a branching World War I.President Woodrow of the U.S.Department of Justice, hadWilson (1913 1921) and other Amer- been following anarchist suspects forican leaders had warned of sabotage, several years.In 1919, under Palmer sor subversive attempts at disruption, direction, the bureau formed theand other hostile acts carried out by General Intelligence Division underforeign agents.the direction of J.Edgar Hoover.Ac-The 1917 Russian Revolution cording to the Espionage Act of 1917,raised the suspicion that a Bolshevik publishing newspapers or pamphletsrevolution might be afoot in the that criticized the actions of the U.S.United States.The Bolsheviks, a radi- government could be punished withcal wing of the Russian Socialist Party, up to 20 years in prison.Under thehad seized power in the Russian capi- terms of the Sedition Act of 1918, thetal of St.Petersburg, murdered the department had been authorized toRussian czar and his family, and identify all persons advocating vio-signed a separate peace agreement lence against the government; thewith Germany.Their leader, Vladimir Department of Labor was responsibleI.Lenin, promised a future world rev- for deporting suspects.An Anarchistolution of industrial workers a Exclusion Act also authorized thepromise taken seriously by business United States to bar aliens who be-leaders and politicians in Europe and lieve in or advocate the overthrow bythe United States.Congress re- force or violence of the Governmentsponded to the threat with the 1918 of the United States. Hoover gath-Sedition Act, which made a federal ered a list of more than 150,000 sus-crime of advocating the overthrow of picious persons and organized anthe government, as well as any public immense card file, which he used toexpression against the war.record the actions of suspected anar-The defeat of Germany by the Al- chists, Socialists, and other oppo-lied powers in 1918 was followed by nents of the American government.riot and rebellion in many German On June 2, 1919, a series of bomb-cities.This turmoil inspired Socialists ings hit Washington, D.C.; New York;in Europe and the United States to and Boston.One of the targets waspredict the imminent overthrow of the Washington home of A.Mitchellthe capitalist system, which they Palmer, where a bomb exploded inheld responsible for starting the war.the hands of an anarchist approach-In 1919, two new Communist politi- ing the front door.The bomber wascal parties formed in the United blown to pieces; fragments of an an-States: the Communist Party and the archist pamphlet fluttered to theCommunist Labor Party.That year, street and into Palmer s front yard.several bombings took place in Amer- The incident deeply frightenedican cities for which anarchist groups the attorney general, who now sawclaimed credit.the radicals as a personal threat and Pearl Harbor 63*'the fight against Socialism as a spring- responded with the prediction of aboard to a run for the presidency.Socialist revolution to take place onPresident Wilson, who was preoccu- May Day, 1920.May 1 came and wentpied with passage of the Treaty of with no violence, however.Discred-ited and ridiculed in the press, PalmerVersailles by Congress, gave Palmerquickly disappeared from the spot-his unspoken support, while thelight, and the Palmer raids came to anpress and public called for action.end.Despite the end of the raids,DEPORTING RADICALShowever, isolationist feelings con-Relying on Hoover s files and the fed-tinued to grow in the United Stateseral anti-sedition laws, bureau agentsthroughout the 1920s and 1930s [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
zanotowane.pl doc.pisz.pl pdf.pisz.pl matkasanepid.xlx.pl
.seemed largely unconcerned with Lindbergh.the issue, it allowed the committee to Despite his efforts to keep theform and begin hearings.The com- United States out of World War IImittee found that American weapons (1939 1945), Nye voted along withmanufacturers routinely bribed for- the rest of the Senate in declaring wareign officials to increase sales.The on Japan, following the bombing ofcommittee further concluded that Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.In 1944, Nyesome American companies were war lost reelection to the Senate.He choseprofiteers and merchants of death to stay in the Washington area, set-and recommended to President Roos- ting up a recordkeeping business.Onevelt that heavy taxes be imposed to July 17, 1971, Nye died from an aller-limit the profits of war.To Nye s great gic reaction to a drug he had beensurprise, the president agreed.wrongly prescribed.Despite Nye sNye also pushed for a neutrality support of isolationism, he was un-bill in Congress.He wanted to outlaw able to prevent the United States fromthe selling of arms to any country at entering World War II.war.Americans were generally inMfavor of neutrality at the time.People See also: America First Committee;Ndid not want to get involved in yet an- Japan; Lindbergh, Charles A.; Pearlother European disaster.As part of Harbor; World War I; World War II.P Ranarchists, Socialists, and immi-Palmer Raidsgrants into custody, in many casesA series of arrests carried out at the without arrest warrants, and chargedheight of the Red Scare, a fear of a them with conspiring to overthrowCommunist takeover of the U.S.gov- the government and other crimes.ernment.The fear of Communism The public s support of the Palmerand other alien political doctrines raids drew on the widespread isola-strengthened during World War I tionist sentiment in the aftermath of(1914 1918) grew in the postwar World War I.By the early 1920s, how-years and continued through the early ever, opposition from members of1920s.Under the direction of the De- Congress, criticism in the press, andpartment of Justice and Attorney Gen- public ridicule of Palmer himselferal A.Mitchell Palmer, local police eventually brought the Palmer raidsand federal agents took thousands of and the Red Scare to an end. 62 Palmer Raids*'GROWING FEARS SILENCING OPPOSITIONThe fear of anarchy intensified dur- The Bureau of Investigation, a branching World War I.President Woodrow of the U.S.Department of Justice, hadWilson (1913 1921) and other Amer- been following anarchist suspects forican leaders had warned of sabotage, several years.In 1919, under Palmer sor subversive attempts at disruption, direction, the bureau formed theand other hostile acts carried out by General Intelligence Division underforeign agents.the direction of J.Edgar Hoover.Ac-The 1917 Russian Revolution cording to the Espionage Act of 1917,raised the suspicion that a Bolshevik publishing newspapers or pamphletsrevolution might be afoot in the that criticized the actions of the U.S.United States.The Bolsheviks, a radi- government could be punished withcal wing of the Russian Socialist Party, up to 20 years in prison.Under thehad seized power in the Russian capi- terms of the Sedition Act of 1918, thetal of St.Petersburg, murdered the department had been authorized toRussian czar and his family, and identify all persons advocating vio-signed a separate peace agreement lence against the government; thewith Germany.Their leader, Vladimir Department of Labor was responsibleI.Lenin, promised a future world rev- for deporting suspects.An Anarchistolution of industrial workers a Exclusion Act also authorized thepromise taken seriously by business United States to bar aliens who be-leaders and politicians in Europe and lieve in or advocate the overthrow bythe United States.Congress re- force or violence of the Governmentsponded to the threat with the 1918 of the United States. Hoover gath-Sedition Act, which made a federal ered a list of more than 150,000 sus-crime of advocating the overthrow of picious persons and organized anthe government, as well as any public immense card file, which he used toexpression against the war.record the actions of suspected anar-The defeat of Germany by the Al- chists, Socialists, and other oppo-lied powers in 1918 was followed by nents of the American government.riot and rebellion in many German On June 2, 1919, a series of bomb-cities.This turmoil inspired Socialists ings hit Washington, D.C.; New York;in Europe and the United States to and Boston.One of the targets waspredict the imminent overthrow of the Washington home of A.Mitchellthe capitalist system, which they Palmer, where a bomb exploded inheld responsible for starting the war.the hands of an anarchist approach-In 1919, two new Communist politi- ing the front door.The bomber wascal parties formed in the United blown to pieces; fragments of an an-States: the Communist Party and the archist pamphlet fluttered to theCommunist Labor Party.That year, street and into Palmer s front yard.several bombings took place in Amer- The incident deeply frightenedican cities for which anarchist groups the attorney general, who now sawclaimed credit.the radicals as a personal threat and Pearl Harbor 63*'the fight against Socialism as a spring- responded with the prediction of aboard to a run for the presidency.Socialist revolution to take place onPresident Wilson, who was preoccu- May Day, 1920.May 1 came and wentpied with passage of the Treaty of with no violence, however.Discred-ited and ridiculed in the press, PalmerVersailles by Congress, gave Palmerquickly disappeared from the spot-his unspoken support, while thelight, and the Palmer raids came to anpress and public called for action.end.Despite the end of the raids,DEPORTING RADICALShowever, isolationist feelings con-Relying on Hoover s files and the fed-tinued to grow in the United Stateseral anti-sedition laws, bureau agentsthroughout the 1920s and 1930s [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]