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.23.Guggenheim, What s Wrong, 13.24.Penelope Leach, Children First: What Society Must Do and Is Not Doing forChildren Today (New York: Alfred A.Knopf, 1994), 204.25.Leach, Children First, 203.26.Leach, Children First, 203.27.Hafen and Hafen, Abandoning Children, 19.28.Hafen and Hafen, Abandoning Children, 23.29.Hafen and Hafen, Abandoning Children, 19.30.Patrick T.McCormick, Fit to Be Tried? America 186, no.4 (February 11,2002): 15 18.31.CRC, preamble.32.Couture, Seeing Children, Seeing God, 43.33.See Margaret Farley, A Feminist Vision of Respect for Persons, in FeministEthics and the Catholic Moral Tradition, ed.Charles E.Curran, Margaret A.Farley, andRichard A.McCormick (Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 1996), 164 83.34.Couture, Seeing Children, 44.35.Vatican Charter of the Rights of the Family, 462.36.Couture, Seeing Children, 14.37.CRC, article 5.38.CRC, article 9.39.CRC, article 14.40.Couture, Seeing Children, Seeing God, and more recently in Child Poverty: Love,Justice, and Social Responsibility (St.Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2007), 21 22.41.Couture, Child Poverty, 22.42.Christine E.Gudorf, Rights of Children, in The New Dictionary of CatholicSocial Thought, ed.Judith A.Dwyer (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 1994), 143 48at 144.See John Paul II, On the Family; Vatican Charter of the Rights of the Family,and the National Conference of Catholic Bishops, Putting Children and Families Firstas examples.43.Gudorf, Rights of Children, 143.44.Gudorf, Rights of Children, 144.James F.Keenan and Jon Fuller have dis-cussed the issue of the rhetorical use of human rights language in the context of theHIV/AIDS epidemic.James F.Keenan and Jon Fuller, The International AIDS Con-ference in Bangkok: Two Views America 191, no.5 (August 30 September 6, 2004):13 16, and The Language of Human Rights and Social Justice in the Face of HIV/AIDS, BUDHI 1 & 2 (2004): 211 31 at 213.Rather than using the concept of humanrights as a critical tool of analysis, some activists use rights language as mere rhetoricto alert others to the urgency of their claims.This may be particularly true in the caseof children s rights; speaking about their rights adds urgency to the many causes ofchildren s rights advocates but it may not help us analyze the situation more carefullyor create real, enforceable obligations on the part of adults.In this regard, the notionof basic needs may be more helpful in assessing the challenges facing millions of theworld s children.See Drew Christiansen, Basic Needs: Criterion for the Legitimacy Children s Rights and Family Values 77of Development, in Human Rights in the Americas: The Struggle for Consensus, ed.Alfred Hennelly and John Langan (Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press,1982), 245 88.45.Gudorf, Rights of Children, 144.46.Gudorf, Rights of Children, 144 and 145.47.Cunningham, The Children of the Poor, 10.48.William E.Meyers, The Right Rights? Child Labor in a Globalizing World, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 575, no.1 (2001):39.49.Juliet B.Schor, Born to Buy: The Commercialized Child and the New ConsumerCulture (New York: Scribner, 2004), 52.50.Schor, Born to Buy, 52 and 180.51.This strategy is considered kid-centric. It is successful because it is gearedtoward satisfying its target audience.It is closely linked to the branding strategyin which all the programming is geared toward kids, not just one program but anentire channel for kids in which all individual programs fit the overall vision ofthe product as essentially being a place for kids. Valerie Crane and Milton Chen, Content Development of Children s Media, in The Faces of Televisual Media:Teaching, Violence, Selling to Children, ed.Edward L.Palmer and Brian M.Young(Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Eerlbaum Associates, 2003), 55 81 at 70.Crane andChen s work is an example of a positive view of children s programming; qualityeducational and entertaining programs that benefit from sound research can servechildren s well-being and can serve as examples of social responsibility on the partof media corporations.Another contributor to the Palmer and Young volumebrings a critical eye to the deliberate choice of kid with respect to programmingand advertising.Young writes, The words children and child are rarely if ever used.Instead, these little people were kids.Kids and children are not the same, and theconnotations are very different [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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.23.Guggenheim, What s Wrong, 13.24.Penelope Leach, Children First: What Society Must Do and Is Not Doing forChildren Today (New York: Alfred A.Knopf, 1994), 204.25.Leach, Children First, 203.26.Leach, Children First, 203.27.Hafen and Hafen, Abandoning Children, 19.28.Hafen and Hafen, Abandoning Children, 23.29.Hafen and Hafen, Abandoning Children, 19.30.Patrick T.McCormick, Fit to Be Tried? America 186, no.4 (February 11,2002): 15 18.31.CRC, preamble.32.Couture, Seeing Children, Seeing God, 43.33.See Margaret Farley, A Feminist Vision of Respect for Persons, in FeministEthics and the Catholic Moral Tradition, ed.Charles E.Curran, Margaret A.Farley, andRichard A.McCormick (Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 1996), 164 83.34.Couture, Seeing Children, 44.35.Vatican Charter of the Rights of the Family, 462.36.Couture, Seeing Children, 14.37.CRC, article 5.38.CRC, article 9.39.CRC, article 14.40.Couture, Seeing Children, Seeing God, and more recently in Child Poverty: Love,Justice, and Social Responsibility (St.Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2007), 21 22.41.Couture, Child Poverty, 22.42.Christine E.Gudorf, Rights of Children, in The New Dictionary of CatholicSocial Thought, ed.Judith A.Dwyer (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 1994), 143 48at 144.See John Paul II, On the Family; Vatican Charter of the Rights of the Family,and the National Conference of Catholic Bishops, Putting Children and Families Firstas examples.43.Gudorf, Rights of Children, 143.44.Gudorf, Rights of Children, 144.James F.Keenan and Jon Fuller have dis-cussed the issue of the rhetorical use of human rights language in the context of theHIV/AIDS epidemic.James F.Keenan and Jon Fuller, The International AIDS Con-ference in Bangkok: Two Views America 191, no.5 (August 30 September 6, 2004):13 16, and The Language of Human Rights and Social Justice in the Face of HIV/AIDS, BUDHI 1 & 2 (2004): 211 31 at 213.Rather than using the concept of humanrights as a critical tool of analysis, some activists use rights language as mere rhetoricto alert others to the urgency of their claims.This may be particularly true in the caseof children s rights; speaking about their rights adds urgency to the many causes ofchildren s rights advocates but it may not help us analyze the situation more carefullyor create real, enforceable obligations on the part of adults.In this regard, the notionof basic needs may be more helpful in assessing the challenges facing millions of theworld s children.See Drew Christiansen, Basic Needs: Criterion for the Legitimacy Children s Rights and Family Values 77of Development, in Human Rights in the Americas: The Struggle for Consensus, ed.Alfred Hennelly and John Langan (Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press,1982), 245 88.45.Gudorf, Rights of Children, 144.46.Gudorf, Rights of Children, 144 and 145.47.Cunningham, The Children of the Poor, 10.48.William E.Meyers, The Right Rights? Child Labor in a Globalizing World, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 575, no.1 (2001):39.49.Juliet B.Schor, Born to Buy: The Commercialized Child and the New ConsumerCulture (New York: Scribner, 2004), 52.50.Schor, Born to Buy, 52 and 180.51.This strategy is considered kid-centric. It is successful because it is gearedtoward satisfying its target audience.It is closely linked to the branding strategyin which all the programming is geared toward kids, not just one program but anentire channel for kids in which all individual programs fit the overall vision ofthe product as essentially being a place for kids. Valerie Crane and Milton Chen, Content Development of Children s Media, in The Faces of Televisual Media:Teaching, Violence, Selling to Children, ed.Edward L.Palmer and Brian M.Young(Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Eerlbaum Associates, 2003), 55 81 at 70.Crane andChen s work is an example of a positive view of children s programming; qualityeducational and entertaining programs that benefit from sound research can servechildren s well-being and can serve as examples of social responsibility on the partof media corporations.Another contributor to the Palmer and Young volumebrings a critical eye to the deliberate choice of kid with respect to programmingand advertising.Young writes, The words children and child are rarely if ever used.Instead, these little people were kids.Kids and children are not the same, and theconnotations are very different [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]