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.A Vidushaka17 (also called aVaihasaka, i.e.one who provokes laughter) is a person only acquainted with some of thearts, who is a jester, and who is trusted by all.These persons are employed in matters of quarrels and reconciliations between citizensand public women.This remark applies also to female beggars, to women with their heads shaved, toadulterous women, and to public women skilled in all the various arts.Thus a citizen living in his town or village, respected by all, should call on the persons ofhis own caste who may be worth knowing.He should converse in company and gratifyhis friends by his society, and obliging others by his assistance in various matters, heshould cause them to assist one another in the same way.There are some verses on this subject as follows:KAMASUTRA23`A citizen discoursing, not entirely in the Sanscrit language,18 nor wholly in the dialectsof the country, on various topics in society, obtains great respect.The wise should notresort to a society disliked by the public, governed by no rules, and intent on thedestruction of others.But a learned man living in a society which acts according to thewishes of the people, and which has pleasure for its only object is highly respected in thisworld.'Footnotes1Gift is peculiar to a Brahman, conquest to a Kshatrya, while purchase, deposit, and other means ofacquiring wealth belongs to the Vaishya.2This term would appear to apply generally to an inhabitant of Hindoostan.it is not meant only fora dweller in a city, like the Latin Urbanus as opposed to Rusticus.3Natural garden flowers.4Such as quails, partridges, parrots, starlings, etc.5The calls of nature are always performed by the Hindoos the first thing in the morning.6A colour made from lac.7This would act instead of soap, which was not introduced until the rule of the Mahomedans.8Ten days are allowed when the hair is taken out with a pair of pincers.9These are characters generally introduced in the Hindoo drama; their characteristics will beexplained further on.10Noonday sleep is only allowed in summer, when the nights are short.11These are very common in all parts of India.12In the `Asiatic Miscellany', and in Sir W.Jones's works, will be found a spirited hymn addressedto this goddess, who is adored as the patroness of the fine arts, especially of music and rhetoric, asthe inventress of the Sanscrit language, etc.etc.She is the goddess of harmony, eloquence andlanguage, and is somewhat analogous to Minerva.For farther information about her, see EdwardMoor's Hindoo Pantheon.13The public women, or courtesans (Vesya), of the early Hindoos have often been compared withthe Hetera of the Greeks.The subject is dealt with at some length in H.H.Wilson's SelectSpecimens of the Theatre of the Hindoos, in two volumes, Trubner and Co., 1871.It may be fairlyconsidered that the courtesan was one of the elements, and an important element too, of earlyHindoo society, and that her education and intellect were both superior to that of the women of thehousehold.Wilson says, `By the Vesya or courtesan, however, we are not to understand a femalewho has disregarded the obligation of law or the precepts of virtue, but a character reared by astate of manners unfriendly to the admission of wedded females into society, and opening it onlyat the expense of reputation to women who were trained for association with men by personal andmental acquirements to which the matron was a stranger.'KAMASUTRA2414According to this description a Pithamarda would be a sort of professor of all the arts, and as suchreceived as the friend and confidant of the citizen15A seat in the form of the letter T.16The Vita is supposed to represent somewhat the character of the Parasite of the Greek comedy [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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.A Vidushaka17 (also called aVaihasaka, i.e.one who provokes laughter) is a person only acquainted with some of thearts, who is a jester, and who is trusted by all.These persons are employed in matters of quarrels and reconciliations between citizensand public women.This remark applies also to female beggars, to women with their heads shaved, toadulterous women, and to public women skilled in all the various arts.Thus a citizen living in his town or village, respected by all, should call on the persons ofhis own caste who may be worth knowing.He should converse in company and gratifyhis friends by his society, and obliging others by his assistance in various matters, heshould cause them to assist one another in the same way.There are some verses on this subject as follows:KAMASUTRA23`A citizen discoursing, not entirely in the Sanscrit language,18 nor wholly in the dialectsof the country, on various topics in society, obtains great respect.The wise should notresort to a society disliked by the public, governed by no rules, and intent on thedestruction of others.But a learned man living in a society which acts according to thewishes of the people, and which has pleasure for its only object is highly respected in thisworld.'Footnotes1Gift is peculiar to a Brahman, conquest to a Kshatrya, while purchase, deposit, and other means ofacquiring wealth belongs to the Vaishya.2This term would appear to apply generally to an inhabitant of Hindoostan.it is not meant only fora dweller in a city, like the Latin Urbanus as opposed to Rusticus.3Natural garden flowers.4Such as quails, partridges, parrots, starlings, etc.5The calls of nature are always performed by the Hindoos the first thing in the morning.6A colour made from lac.7This would act instead of soap, which was not introduced until the rule of the Mahomedans.8Ten days are allowed when the hair is taken out with a pair of pincers.9These are characters generally introduced in the Hindoo drama; their characteristics will beexplained further on.10Noonday sleep is only allowed in summer, when the nights are short.11These are very common in all parts of India.12In the `Asiatic Miscellany', and in Sir W.Jones's works, will be found a spirited hymn addressedto this goddess, who is adored as the patroness of the fine arts, especially of music and rhetoric, asthe inventress of the Sanscrit language, etc.etc.She is the goddess of harmony, eloquence andlanguage, and is somewhat analogous to Minerva.For farther information about her, see EdwardMoor's Hindoo Pantheon.13The public women, or courtesans (Vesya), of the early Hindoos have often been compared withthe Hetera of the Greeks.The subject is dealt with at some length in H.H.Wilson's SelectSpecimens of the Theatre of the Hindoos, in two volumes, Trubner and Co., 1871.It may be fairlyconsidered that the courtesan was one of the elements, and an important element too, of earlyHindoo society, and that her education and intellect were both superior to that of the women of thehousehold.Wilson says, `By the Vesya or courtesan, however, we are not to understand a femalewho has disregarded the obligation of law or the precepts of virtue, but a character reared by astate of manners unfriendly to the admission of wedded females into society, and opening it onlyat the expense of reputation to women who were trained for association with men by personal andmental acquirements to which the matron was a stranger.'KAMASUTRA2414According to this description a Pithamarda would be a sort of professor of all the arts, and as suchreceived as the friend and confidant of the citizen15A seat in the form of the letter T.16The Vita is supposed to represent somewhat the character of the Parasite of the Greek comedy [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]